Dedoplis Tskaro

Dedoplis Tskaro is a town in Kakheti, Georgia with the population of 5,940. The town is located in the Shiraki Plain, eastern Georgia, and functions as a municipality of the eponymous district. The locale is first mentioned in the medieval annals as a military post established by King David IV of Georgia r. 1089-1125. Tradition relates its name, literally meaning "the Queen’s spring" to Queen Tamar r. 1184–1213. After the annexation of Georgia, Russians established a military fort in 1803 to fend off the area being attacked by the Dagestan rebels and renamed the village into Tsarskie Kolodtsy Russian: Царские Колодцы, that is "the royal wells.

In 1869, the German entrepreneurs Carl Heinrich von Siemens and Ernst Werner von Siemens established an oil refinery near the village which functioned until the mid-1870s. The village retained its military installations and a large garrison during Georgia's brief independence from 1918 to 1921. It was seized by the invading Soviet Russian forces after hours of heavy fighting with Georgian troops on February 18, 1921.